000			02043nam a2200313 a 4500
001			rea00030820
005			20190704021205.0
008			s2004 wau e 001 0 eng d
035			_z56773
039			_a30815 _cTLC
100	1		_aFoster, Vivien, _d1968-
245	1	0	_aPrivate provision of rural infrastructure services : _bcompeting for subsidies / _cVivien Foster, Chrstina Malmberg-Calvo, and Bjorn Wellenius.
260			_aWashington, D. C : _bWorld Bank, _c2004.
300			_a27p ; _c27 cm.
440		0	_aPolicy research working papers ; _vno. 3365
500			_aAlso available online.
500			_a"Market-oriented reforms of infrastructure in developing Countries tend to focus primarily on commercially viable services in urban areas. Nevertheless, an increasing number of Countries are beginning to experiment with extending the market paradigm to infrastructure services in rural areas that are often less attractive in commercial terms. In these cases, subsidies are used to close the gap between market requirements and development needs, and are increasingly determined and allocated on a competitive basis. The authors discuss the conditions under which competition among firms for such subsidies successfully used in the telecommunications sector in a number of middle-income countries could also be applied to electricity, water and sanitation, and transportation services in lower-income Countries. This paper is a product of the Finance, Private Sector, and Infrastructure Unit, L
504			_aIncludes bibliographical references.
506			_aOpen access.
650		0	_aInfrastructure (Economics) _xDeveloping Countries.
650		0	_aSubsidies _xDeveloping countries.
650		0	_aDeveloping Countries. _xRural conditions.
700	1		_aCalvo, Christina Malmberg, _d1958- jt. author.
700	1		_aWellenius, Bjorn jt. author.
710	2		_aWorld Bank.
949			_aBSPC _bSPC _cHG3881.5 _d.W57 no.3365 _g56773 _5N
961			_t1
999			_c25149 _d25149